饲用稻草预处理的研究

Studies on Pretreatment of Rice Straw for Food

采用高温高压、稀碱液、液氨对稻草粉进行预处理,并模拟猪胃环境对预处理效果进行了比较。结果表明,预处理能提高稻草纤维素的糖化率,其中稀碱处理较其它处理效果要好。同时稀碱处理使稻草中半纤维素和木质素大量溶出,随着碱液浓度的增大,半纤维素损失显著上升。通过稀碱处理正交实验发现,固液比对酶解率影响最大,NaOH浓度对半纤维素的溶出影响最大,初步确定最佳处理碱质量分数为1.5%,以低温处理效果较好,最终酶解率达73.5%,半纤维素损失率33.1%。

Rice straw was pretreated by means of dilute alkali lye and liquid ammonia under high temperature and high pressure. The effects of the pretreatment were compared in simulated stomach of pig. The results showed that the saccharification of cellulose could be enhanced by the pretreatment, of which the effect of the dilute alkali pretreatment was hetter than that of other methods. Simultaneously, hemicellalose and lignin were largely dissolved out by the dilute alkali pretreatment. The orthogonal test indicated that the solid-liquid ratio had a maximum effect on the enzymatic hydrolysis and the concentration of NaOH had a maximum effect on the dissolving-out of hemicellulose. The results showed that the optimum condition of pretreatment was： -alkali lye concentration 1.5% and low lemperature was advantageous. The final rate of enzymatic hydrolysis amounted to 73.5% and the loss rate of hemicellulose was 33.1%.