和谐度：老子评价理想社会的标准

The Political Philosophy and Harmonious Society of Lao Zi

《老子》是中国第一本站在民主立场上的政治哲学书,其政治哲学的理想和核心是和谐社会。以“和谐度”而不是以“富庶度”作为理想社会的衡量标尺,是东方政治哲学的特色。老子提出维护社会的整体和谐, 以保持多样性和个性化,让每个社会成员依天性生存发展为前提；并指出领导者的作用方式就是“辅万物之自然而不敢为”；故老子认为要实现社会的和谐,一定要上者处下,大者唯小,强者守弱。可以说,老子这样卓越的政治哲学对当代社会是深富启迪的。

Lao Zi is the first political philosophy book on the side of democracy, which is written to high officals. The core of it is the harmonious society. ＂Harmonious degree＂ is the standard to judge an ideal society instead of ＂wealthy degree＂ according to the eastern political philosophy. It raised the idea that keeping the society to be harmonious, various and specific is the premise of everyone＇s spontaneous development, These outstanding political philosophy really enlightened the sociaty at that time.