超微粉碎和普通粉碎对柳松菇多糖的提取及凝胶柱层析分离的研究

Study on Extraction and Isolation of Polysaccharide from Agrocybe Aegerita by Using the Ultramicro-Pulverization and the Grinding Method

对超微粉体及三种不同大小粉体提取的柳松菇多糖及多糖的凝胶柱层析分离进行研究,结果表明,超微粉碎和普通粉碎对总糖、还原糖的提取基本没有影响,对多糖的提取影响较大.由300目超微粉提取的多糖含量和得率分别为50%和13%,未粉碎的块状、40目粗粉和100目细粉提取的多糖含量和得率分别为300目超微粉的42.8%、65.7%、72.1%和28.2%、45.7%、71.2%.采用SephadexG-200凝胶柱层析分离柳松菇多糖,得到纯化的多糖Ⅰ和Ⅱ两个多糖组分.在超微粉碎提取的柳松菇多糖中,主要是相对分子质量高的多糖Ⅰ,在未粉碎的块状提取的柳松菇多糖中,以相对分子质量低的多糖Ⅱ为主,超微粉碎有利于相对分子质量高的多糖Ⅰ的提取.多糖Ⅰ为胞内多糖,其含糖量为78%,相对分子质量约为424 137,在260 nm、280 nm均无吸收;多糖Ⅱ的含糖量为42.9%,相对分子质量为12 944,在280 nm无吸收,但在260 nm有一个吸收峰.

The effects are studied of extracting polysaccharide from Agrocybe Aegerita by using ultramicropowder and three different size powders and isolation of polysaccharide on Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. The results show that the extraction of total sugar and reducing sugar has little influence, but has a great influence on the extracting polysaccharide between the ultramicro - powder and other three powders. The content and yield of polysaccharide are 50% and 13% by using extraction of ultramicropowder respectively. The pnlysaccharide content and yield which are extracted by unsmashed fruiting body, coarse powder and fine powder are 42, 8%, 65.7%, 72.1% and 28.2%, 45.7%, 71.2% of ultramicro-powder＇s content and yield, respectively. Two components of polysaccharide Ⅰ and Ⅱ are isolated and purified by using the method of column chromatographic Sephadex G-200. The polysaccharide Ⅰ and Ⅱ are the main components in extracted polysaccharide by using ultramicro-powder and unsmashed fruiting body, respectively. The polysaccharide I belong to the incellular polysaccharide, whose polysaccharide content is 78% and whose molecular weight is 424 137. This polysaccharide does not exhibit obvious absorption at 280 and 260 nm. The sugar content of polysaccharide Ⅱ is 42.9%, whose molecular weight is 12 944, and it is not absorbed at 280 nm, but it exhibits a peak at 260 nm.