植物Pht1家族磷转运子的分子生物学研究进展

Advances in the Molecular Biology of Pht1 Family Phosphate Transporters in Plants

植物磷转运子是植物磷营养中的重要蛋白之一。对植物磷转运子蛋白的拓扑结构、功能及其基因的调控和表达位点的研究,揭示了植物磷转运子各家族中各成员在磷代谢中的角色。植物磷转运子中Pht1家族是一类H2PO4-/H+共转运子,该家族主要成员在植物根系中负责磷的吸收、转运,其表达受磷调控,因此是研究得最为深入的植物磷转运子家族。本文总结了植物Pht1家族磷转运子的最新研究进展,讨论了植物磷转运、分配的分子机理,并指出今后研究的主要方向,为开拓改良植物磷效率的新思路提供依据。

Plant phosphate （Pi） transporters play an important role in phosphorus nutrition. Studies on the topology, function, regulation and spatial expression of the genes encoding a member of Pi transporter families have revealed their respective roles in plant Pi metabolism. The Phtl family of phosphate transporters, including the proteins involved in the uptake of Pi from the soil solution and the redistribution of Pi within the plant, belongs to a type of H2PO4^-/H^＋ symporters. Most members of the Phtl family are up-regulated in P-stressed roots. This paper summarizes recent advances in the studies of the plant Phtl family, with a thorough discussion on the molecular mechanisms of phosphate uptake and translocation. The author also attempt to envision future perspectives of this study area so as to provide innovative approach to improving phosphorus efficiency in plants.