影响月季愈伤组织诱导和分化的因素

Factors in Callus Induction and Differentiation on Rosa

以“萨蔓莎”(Samantha“)、金斯莱克”(Jimthelanky“)、休姆主教”(HumeBasil)等9个月季品种为材料,研究了影响月季愈伤组织诱导和分化的因素。试验结果表明,不同品种之间愈伤组织诱导率和诱导数量差异显著。细胞分裂素BA、KT、ZT和生长素NAA、2,4-D6种激素中,KT或ZT与NAA组合能够较好地诱导月季愈伤组织。试验选择了含有不同浓度KT和NAA以及ZT和NAA两组培养基试验不同激素浓度对月季愈伤组织诱导的影响,结果表明激素浓度主要影响愈伤组织的颜色和质地;一般生长素浓度越高,愈伤组织颜色偏向于黄色,质地也越松散;但是有些品种当生长素达到一定浓度时,会发生不定根;并且不同品种适宜的激素浓度不同。愈伤组织形成后在原培养基中继续培养或转接于含有不同浓度ZT和NAA以及含有TDZ、NAA和GA的两组愈伤组织分化培养基中,结果表明,在愈伤组织分化过程中,生长素仍然是必要的;GA对愈伤组织增殖具有负作用。暗培养和固液两相培养基有利于愈伤组织的分化。试验得到了月季品种“金斯莱克”的再生植株以及“萨蔓莎”愈伤组织分化的芽状体和叶状体。

Nine cultivars were used to investigate factors that affect callus induction and differentiation of rosa. The results showed that rate and number of callus induction were quite different because of different rose cultivars. Among culture media contained BA, KT, ZT, NAA and 2,4-D, only the medias contained KT and NAA or ZT and NAA can induce callus better. Culture media contained varies concentration of KT and NAA, ZT and NAA were used to study the effect of varies concentration of PGR （plant growth regulator） on callus induction. Our results indicated that concentration of PGR mainly affect the color and texture of callus rather than induction rate, callus became yellow and incompact in media contained high concentration of Auxin. But roots would be induced in media contained too high concentration of Auxin. And more, the effect of various concentrations on callus induction of different rose cultivars are quite variable. When callus were cultured in callus induction medias or cultured in callus differentiation medias which contained ZT and NAA or ZT, NAA and GA, Auxin is necessary during the differentiation of callus, and GA inhibited callus multiplication. Dark culture and solid-liquid medium is a effective treatment for callus differentiation. A regenerated shoot of ＂Jinmthelanky＂ and differentiated buds and levies of ＂Samantha＂ were finally observed.