从劳资关系不对称谈农民工维权艰辛的原因

An exploration of reasons for the imbalanced labor and capital

在中国,外来工的劳动权利保护问题是在城乡二元结构的背景下,随着城市化进程中逐渐凸显出来的。根据社会学家布劳的社会交换理论,私营企业雇主和农民工之间的关系可以看成是一种社会交换关系,在这种社会交换关系中雇主和农民工之间存在着不对称的相互依赖关系。造成这种不对称相互依赖关系的原因有生产资料、社会资本占有的悬殊,信息占有的不对称,组织化程度的不对称,监控机制的不对称等,正是这种不对称的相互依赖关系使农民工的劳动权益得不到切实有效的保障。

In China the problem of labor rights protection for labor from the countryside has been getting serious in the process of urbanization. According to Bulao＇s social exchange theory, the relationship between employers of private businesses and country labor can be regarded as a social exchange relationship. In this relationship, there exists a imbalanced mutual dependent relation between the employer and the country labor. What has caused such imbalanced dependent relation includes the great difference in possession of production materials and social capital ; the imbalance of possession of information, organization and control system. It is such imbalances in mutual dependence that have made it difficult to protect country labor rights.