一对钢－钢摩擦副摩擦磨损的原位动态研究

In Situ Dynamic Studies on Friction and Wear of a Friction Pair of Steeel Steel

摩擦磨损的扫描电子显微镜原位动态研究，可以跟踪观察磨屑形成和磨痕演变的全过程，以及材料表面在摩擦磨损中变化的真实情况．在由国产台式扫描电子显微镜改装成的滑动摩擦磨损试验装置上，对１５＃钢－４５＃钢摩擦磨损过程所作的原位动态研究表明：１５＃钢在对摩过程中始终存在粘－滑现象，微切削是其主要磨损机理；１５＃钢磨痕形貌变化可分５个阶段——第１阶段出现与滑动方向垂直的横向裂纹，第２阶段产生大片状剥离，第３阶段产生小片状疲劳剥离，第４阶段产生块状磨屑并形成表面凹坑，第５阶段磨痕趋于平坦．这种滑动摩擦磨损试验装置不仅具有对摩擦磨损过程作动态跟踪观察的功能，而且可用于对摩擦学过程作准动态观察。

In situ dynamic study on friction and wear behavior in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) is one of dynamic microscopic research ways developing in 70's this century,which can be used to trace the processes both in debris forming and wear tracks developing and to know the true facts of behavior of materials surface under friction and wear as well.A newly developed wear test rig installed in a China made SEM has already been adopted to do some wear experiments on a friction pair of steel 15 # steel 45 #.The results have come out and show that there always is a stick slip phenomenon inthe whole process of sliding between steel 15 # and steel 45 #,and the micro cutting is the main mechanism of sliding wear.At this experiment conditions the developing of wear track shapes can be distinguished into five stages:(1)The transverse veins being vertical to the sliding direction are appear,(2) Big flake like debris stripping are brought about,(3) There are the flake like debris stripping caused by fatigue,(4)Big block debris and big pits on surface are produced,(5)The wear tracks tend to become flat.The major advantage of using such device to study friction and wear is that either dynamic or quasi dydamic observation can be done.These two kinds of observations are equally important to dynamic study on friction and wear process.