触点分离初速度与电弧能量关系的研究

Research on the relationship between contact breakaway initial velocity and arc energy

继电器触点的电磨损量与分断电弧释放的能量直接相关,因此直流电弧的电弧能量对继电器触点的寿命和可靠性有重要影响.研究了触点分离初速度(动触点与静触点刚刚分离时刻的动触点速度)对电弧能量的影响.利用自行设计的实验模型,测量了阻性负载和感性负载条件下继电器常用触点的触点电压和电流曲线,分析了触点分离初速度对液态金属桥能量、金属相电弧能量、气体相电弧能量以及电弧总能量的影响,论证了在一定条件下提高触点分离初速度有利于电弧燃弧能量的减少.研究结果可以为继电器触簧系统设计提供参考和依据,并为继电器的总体优化设计奠定基础.

The electrical wear of relay＇ s contacts directly depends on the arc energy. Thus, the DC arc energy has important effect on the life and reliability of relay＇ s contacts. In the past, the studies of break arc were focused on the influences of arc duration and energy by the contact break velocity. This paper emphasizes on the waveforms of arc voltage and arc current are measured in the resistive load circuit and the inductive load circuit. The relations between the contact breakaway initial velocity and the bridge energy, metallic phase arc energy, gaseous phase arc energy, and the total arc energy are analyzed. It is proved that increasing the contact breakaway initial velocity benefits decreasing the arc energy on the definite condition. The results of the paper can provide the reference and foundation for the design of relay contact system.