癌症与精神病人亲属心身状况及改善对策的跨文化探讨

The Health Status and Improvement Countermeasure of the Relatives of Cancer Pati ents and Schizophrenia Patients: a Cross-cultural Study

目的研究居澳华裔及国内癌症及精神病人亲属的健康状况。方法以深层面谈和电话会谈、问卷法调查居澳华裔、居国内的癌症和精神病患者及其亲属共288人。结果绝大部分亲属有不同程度的焦虑、抑郁，伴有失眠、疲劳、衰弱等症状。2.78％～11．11‰被诊断为焦虑症、抑郁症或各种心身疾病。癌症病人亲属的健康状况随病人病情的波动而变化；精神病人亲属的健康状况随病人病情的进展和时间的推移趋向稳定。国内组与澳洲组表现有一定的差别。他们希望有完善的机构与设施帮助照顾其患病的亲人。结论建立完善的机构为癌症及精神病患者提供照顾等服务，帮助其亲属进行有效的心理调节，保持心身健康，是21世纪的国际性课题之一。

Objectives To study the health status of the relatives of Australian-Chinese and Chinese cancer patients and schizophrenia patients living in Australia and China respectively. Methods In-depth interviewing was employed in this study. Face to face interviews and telephone interviews were conducted with a total of 288 participants, including 36 cancer patients and their 36 relatives, 36 schizophrenia patients and their 36 relatives living in Australia, and the same structure and numbers of participants living in China. Results All participants expressed the relatives＇ health declined when the patients were diagnosed with cancer or schizophrenia. They felt anxious and depressed, and some of them accompanied insomnia, fatigue and weak. About 2.78 %- 11.11% of them had been diagnosed with anxiety, depression or different kinds of psychosomatic disorders. The health status of relatives of the cancer patients varied according the condition of the patients. The health status of the relatives of the schizophrenia patients seemed improved as time past. There are some differences between the manifestation of the relatives living in China and Australia. They hoped that there are professional organizations to take care of their suffering relatives. Conclusion The organizations serving for cancer patients and psychiatric patients and their relatives should be built. It would be an international task in 21 century to help these people to have the proper psychological adjustment when their relatives get cancer or schizophrenia, in order to improve their physical and psychological health.