医学生抑郁、焦虑症状的流行学特征及相关因素分析

The Epidemic Features and Related Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among Medical Students

目的分析医学生抑郁、焦虑情绪症状及其相关的心理社会因素,为大学生心理疾病防治和健康教育工作提供依据。方法分层整群抽取某医科大学本科生509名进行抑郁、焦虑情绪的流行特征及其相关因素调查分析。结果医学生抑郁、焦虑情绪症状检出率为22.40%和9.03%。不同年级学生的自评抑郁量表(SDS)、自评焦虑量表(SAS)得分差异有统计学意义,抑郁、焦虑情绪症状与医科大学生的人格特征、特质应对方式、领悟社会支持、生活事件、对专业满意程度和就业前景评价有高度相关性。结论应该对医科大学生采取有针对性的健康教育措施,倡导应用积极的应对方式,提高适应环境能力,以防止或降低抑郁、焦虑情绪的发生。

Objective To analyze depression, anxiety and the related psychological social factors, and to provide evidence for the prevention of mental diseases and mental health education. Methods A cluster stratified sample of 509 medical college students were questionnaired on epidemic features and the related factors of depression and anxiety, Results The incidence rates of depression and anxiety were 22.40% and 9.03% respectively. Statistical sig- nificance of the scores for SDS and SAS was found between the students in different grades. The symptoms of depression and anxiety were closely correlated to personalities, peculiar coping styles, understanding social support, life events, satisfaction with major and evaluation on employment prospects. Conclusion It is necessary to take health education, advocate positive coping styles, improve the ability of adapting to the environment, so as to decrease the incidence of depression or anxiety.