文学文本理论与语言学转向

Theory of Literary Text and Linguistic Change of Direction

文本理论是20世纪产生的一种新型文学观念,其关注的中心是文学作品本身及其意义的生成过程和多种释义的可能性。文本理论的兴盛和发展与20世纪初人文科学领域出现的语言学转向有着直接联系。就较浅显层次而言,语言学的兴起导致了研究者对文本语言乃至表达技巧的重视;从较深层次上讲(这也是更为重要、更为内在的),语言学研究方法对文本研究很有启发,人们可以用语言哲学方法研究文学作品本身;更进一步讲,语言学转向直接导致了对文学本质的重新定位,全新的文学本质观开始形成。

Theory of literary text is a new idea of literature originated in the 20th century whose center of attention is the literary text itself, the generating process of its meaning and the possibilities of multiple interpretations. The upsurge and development of the theory of literary text has been closely related to the linguistic change of direction emerging in the field of arts in the beginning of the 21st century. From the shallower perspective, the upsurge of linguistics has caused researchers to show more emphases on the language of literary text, even techniques of expression. From the deeper perspective （namely the more important and inherent）, research methods of linguistics has some illuminations to the study of literary text, and people can study literary text with methods of language philosophy. Furthermore, the linguistic change of direction directly leads to the reorientation of the nature of literary text, and as a result, a brand new view of the nature of literature starts to take shape.