不同年龄人群清晨型/夜晚型生活模式与出生季节的关系

Relationship between life style of morningness/eveningness preference and season of birth in different age groups

目的:比较不同年龄人群清晨型(倾向早睡早起)与夜晚型(倾向晚睡晚起)的生活模式与其出生季节的关系及其特征。方法:252名中年健康睡眠者来源于香港新界13所小学学生家长,男105名,女147名,年龄30～49岁,平均(40±4)岁;503名青年健康睡眠者来源于香港中文大学在读医科大学生,男232名,女271名,年龄19～23岁,平均(21±2)岁。2003-09/2004-03研究对象在香港中文大学沙田医院睡眠中心接受现场的清晨型/夜晚型量表测评以了解他们的日周期倾向。清晨型/夜晚型量表包含19个条目,量表总分为16～86分,分值越高,受试者越倾向于清晨型,反之,越倾向于夜晚型。测评当场完成,发现遗漏及时补齐。结果:755份问卷全部收回。252例中年人的清晨型/夜晚型量表分为56.0±7.0,503例青年人的清晨型/夜晚型量表分为48.2±11.1,中年人的分值明显高于青年人(t=12.018,P=0.000)。此外,青年组和中年组在第一、四季度出生的人都更加倾向于清晨型,在第二、三季度出生的人都更加倾向于夜晚型。与第一、四季度相比,青年组和中年组在第二、三季度的日周期倾向更加接近。结论:青年人比中年人更加倾向于夜晚型。冬季前后出生的人更倾向于清晨型,而夏季前后出生的人更倾向于夜晚型,这可能与不同季节日照时间有关。

AIM： To compare the relationship between season of birth and the life style of morningness （incline to sleep and rise early）/eveningness （incline to sleep and rise late） preference and the characters among different age groups, METHODS： Totally 252 middle-age healthy sleepers （105 males and 147 females） aged 30-49 years with an average of （40±4） years, who were the patents of pupils from 13 primary schools in New Territories, Hong Koug, and 503 young healthy sleepers （232 males and 271 females） aged 19-23 years with an average of （21±2） years, who were the medical students from the Chinese University of Hong Kong, were enrolled in the survey. Their date of birth by their identity card and assessed their morningness/ eveningness preference All the subjects were assessed with morningness/ eveningness questionnaire to investigate their divergence of circadian preference in the Sleep Assessment Unit of Shatin Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong between September 2003 and March 2004. The morningness/eveningness questionnaire consisted of 19 items, and the total score was 16-86 points, the higher the score, the more incline to morningness; the lower the score, the more incline to eveningness. The assessment was finished on the spot, and omission was completed as soon as discovery. RESULTS： All the 755 questionnaires were recollected, The score of morningness/eveningness questionnaire in the middle-age group （n=252） was obviously higher than that in the young group （56.0±7.0, 48.2±11.1, t=12.018, P=0.000）, In addition, the subjects born in the first and fourth seasons preferred more morningness, and those horn in the second and third seasons preferred more eveningness in both the middle-age group and young group. The divergence of circadian preference between the young and middle-age groups was nearer in the subjects g born in the second and third quarter. CONCLUSION： Young people preferred more eveningness than the middle-age people, the subject born around winter preferred more morningness, and the subjects born around summer preferred more eveningness, It might be modulated by seasonal photoperiod at birth.