试析WTO框架下与转基因产品相关的贸易规则——兼论中国转基因产品立法之完善

The Trade Rules Concerning the Genetically Modified Organisms within the WTO Framework and China's Relevant Regualtions

随着转基因技术的兴起和转基因产品贸易的发展,转基因产品的安全性日益成为人们关注的焦点。WTO框架下与转基因产品直接相关的协议包括《SPS协议》和《TBT协议》。这两个协议的相关条款在对转基因产品贸易适用过程中存在着一系列法律问题。改进的办法是拓宽WTO规则,纳入消费者优先原则。另外,我国转基因产品立法也存在不足,需根据WTO规则进一步加以完善。

The two agreements concluded in the Uruguay Round which are related to the case of GMOs are those on Application of Sanitary and Phyto-sanitary Measures （SPSA greement） and the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade （TBT Agreement）. The paper discusses the legal issues resulting from application of the two agreements to GMOs by analyzing the different attitudes toward GMOs in EU and the U. S. and then it suggests to reform the WTO rules for defusing the potential trade conflicts over GMOs. In addition, it argues that China＇s legistative improvement of the GMOs is necessary.