比赛时期运动员的机能评定和系统康复初步研究

Preliminary Research of the Systematical Rehabilitation and the Evaluation of Athletic Body Function in Competitive Phase

为掌握比赛实际运动员机能状况变化的规律,通过对广西体工大队参加九运会决赛阶段比赛的优秀运动员13人,对他们进行纵向跟踪检测,在大负荷超常式训练后实施系统康复,用生化指标和运动成绩衡量效果。结果发现:1)比赛时期大负荷训练后,运动员Hb、T和SOD明显下降,C、CK、BU和MDA明显上升,总体表现出竞技水平下降;2)进行1个月系统康复后,Hb、T和SOD明显上升,C、CK、BU和MDA明显下降,总体表现出竞技能力上升;3)有系统康复的比赛成绩大大好于无系统康复的比赛成绩。表明:1)比赛时期大运动量训练会造成运动员机能的下降;2)设计实施的系统康复,对运动性疲劳的消除和运动员竞技状态的提高有良好效果。3)采用的生化指标,能从多方面对运动员机能进行有效评价,可作为一套机能评价系统。

In order to explore the rules of changes of practical functional situation of athletes in the process of competition, this study conducted a vertical tracking test on 13 excellent athletes of Guangxi province who participated in the final competition of the 9th city games and were relaxed by systematical rehabilitation after heavy lord exercise. The resttlts can be concluded as follows： 1） after heavy lord exercise, Fib, T and SOD declined while C, CK, BU and NDA increased intensively： 2） after the relaxation by systematic rehabilitation, Hb, T and SOD increased while C, CK, BU and NDA declined intensively; 3） Athletes got a better achievement after they had a relaxation of systematic rehabilitation. Several conclusions can be summarized as follows： 1） athletes＇ body function can decline after heavy lord exercise; 2） the systematic rehabilitation have good effects in eliminating exercise fatigue and developing athletes body function; 3） the biochemical indexes of this study can be used as a estimating system of athletes＇ body function.