湖北省部分地区35岁以上人群超重和肥胖病的现况调查及其相关因素探讨

Prevalence and Relative Factors of Overweight and Obesity in People Aged 35 and Elder in Some Area of Hubei Province

目的:了解湖北省部分地区中老年人超重和肥胖病的流行状况及其影响因素,确定可以进行健康干预的重点环节。方法:采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,抽取湖北省12县(市)、区2811位年龄≥35岁的居民进行面访。结果:超重与肥胖的年龄标化患病率分别为36.6%和9.8%,超重肥胖率在干部、文化程度高的以及高收入人群中最高,在农民、文盲、以及低收入人群中最低;常吃甜食是超重的相关影响因素,重体力职业活动可以减少其危险性,体育锻炼是肥胖的保护因素。在超重肥胖人群中,一些主要的慢性非传染性疾病的患病率明显高于非超重肥胖人群。结论:湖北省超重肥胖状况处于全国中等水平,不容乐观。超重肥胖人群是慢性病防治的重点干预人群,需加强健康教育。体力活动和体育锻炼是可干预的重要影响因素。

Objective. To determine the prevalence and relative factors associated with overweight and obesity in people aged 35 and elder in some area of Hubei province. Methods： A prevalence study using questionnaire survey was conducted about relative factors associated with overweight and obesity among 2 811 residents aged 35 and elder in 12 counties of Hubei province. Results. The age-adjusted prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 36. 6% and 9. 8% respectively. There were lower rates among farmers, illiteracy or people with low income while higher rates among officials, people with higher education level or higher income. Certain eating habits, especially the intake of sweet was one of relative factors, heavy occupational physical activities and physical exercises were protective factors. The incidences of chronic diseases among the people of overweight and obesity were obviously higher than that among normal people. Conclusion： Intervention strategies that target overweight and obesity are needed in Hubei province. Physical activities and physical exercises were important preventable factors.