德国在后工业时代的区域转型——IBA埃姆瑟公园和区域规划的新范式

About Post-industrial Restructuring in Germany:IBA Emscherpark and the New Paradigm of Regional

德国的鲁尔区从工业生产衰退到服务业、知识和休闲产业振兴的转型令世人瞩目。这个转型与致力于改造鲁尔北部废弃工业区的“埃姆瑟公园”规划密不可分。承担这项规划的国际建筑展(IBA)是德国以推动后工业时代的区域转型为目标,全面实施“弹性区域规划”的第一个大型的规划组织。IBA所代表的新的规划范式的主要特征是:多角色参与的操作程序、弹性的规划目标、各部门及社会团体之间的沟通,自上而下和自下而上的协调与“渐进式的发展策略”。

Nowhere else the decline of the Germany s Ruhr-Region industrial age and the rise of the post-industrial service-, knowledge- and leisure society can be experienced in comparable evidence. This evidence of change is last but not least due to the IBA Emscher Park which aims at accelerating the post-industrial transformation of the neglected and deprived north of the Ruhr-Region. In order to contribute successfully to the post-industrial restructuring of the region, the IBA became the first German big project which used the full agenda of flexible r egional planning . This new paradigm is characterised e.g. by informal processing, flexible targets, cross-section communication, top down and bottom up integration and strategic incrementulism .