洁净手术室在手术过程中空气细菌监测及影响因素分析

MONITORING OF BACTERIA IN AIR OF THE CLEAN OPERATING ROOM IN THE COURSE OF OPERATION AND ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCING FACTORS

为了解手术过程中洁净手术室空气细菌污染状况及其影响因素。采用自然沉降法对10个洁净手术室空气进行采样检测。结果,Ⅲ级洁净手术室手术区空气中自然菌总数为5.42 cfu/30m in/平板,周边区空气中菌数为3.42 cfu/30m in/平板。手术区空气中菌数显著高于周边区(P<0.01),手术过程中沉降菌浓度变化不明显,超标率达21%。采取提前作好准备、减少人员流动等干预措施后,沉降菌浓度明显降低,合格率100%。手术室空气中细菌多数为葡萄球菌属,包括金黄色葡萄球菌(有一定数量的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌)以及微球菌属等。结论,Ⅲ级洁净手术室在手术过程中空气细菌污染严重,手术人员的活动及人数是影响沉降菌浓度变化的主要因素。

In order to know the status of bacterial contamination of air of clean operating room in the course of operation and its influencing factors, natural sedimentation method was used to sample the air of 10 clean operating rooms. Results： The total natural bacterial count in air of operation area of grade - 3 clean operating room was 5.42 efu/30 min per plate, and the bacterial count in air of periphery of operation area was 3.42 efu/30 min per plate. The bacterial count in air of operation area was significantly higher than that of the peripheral area （ P 〈0.01 ）. The concentration of bacteria descending in the course of operation did not change significantly, with rate of exceeding allowable limit attaining 21%. After taking intedering measures such as preparedness in advance and reducing traffic in the operation area, the concentration of descending bacteria decreased obviously, attaining 100% eligible rate. The bacteria in air of operating rooms were mostly Staphlococcus, including Staphylococcus aureus （with a certain amount of meticiUin- resistant S. aureus ） and Micrococcus. Conclusions： The air of grade - 3 dean operating rooms is heavily contaminated by bacteria in the course of operation. Activity and number of operating staff are the main factors influencing the change in concentration of descending bacteria.