老年人主观幸福感的影响因素

The Influence Factors of Subjective Well-being in Older Adults

目的探讨老年期个体主观幸福感的影响因素。方法选择经济水平、社会支持、健康状况、受教育水平、年龄、性别、一般自我效能感7个因素,对北京市236名60-85岁老年人进行测查。结果主观幸福感与年龄、性别、经济水平、受教育程度相关不显著;社会支持、健康状况、一般自我效能感能预测主观幸福感(标准化回归系数分别为0.27、0.19、0.15),可解释总变异的16.4%;社会支持、健康状况直接影响主观幸福感的同时,还通过自我效能感影响主观幸福感。结论外在主观资源(社会支持)、内在客观资源(健康状况)和内在主观资源(一般自我效能感)对主观幸福感有直接影响,同时外在主观资源、内在客观资源还通过内在主观资源对主观幸福感产生影响。

Objective： To investigate the predictors of subjective well-being （SWB） in older adults. Methods： 236 old people in Beijing were assessed on 7 potential predictors chosen from 2 taxonomies of resources-internal vs. external and physical vs. psychological. Results ： There was no relationship between age and SWB. Perceived social support, health status and general self-efficacy correlated significantly with subjective well-being （β=0. 27,0. 19,0. 15）; perceived social support, health status and general self-efficacy have direct impact on subjective well-being,perceived social support and health status have secondary impact on subjective well-being through the factor generalself-efficacy as well. Conclusions： The external factors can influent the SWB both directly and indirectly.