岩浆囊的地震学探测技术概述

An outline of seismological detection techniques for magma chambers

在过去的２０年里，探测和勾画岩浆囊的科学有了长足的进步。多种地震技术，包括速度和衰减的层析成像，地震活动性映像，反射和折射，势场技术，如重力，大地测量和电磁观测，都提供了关于在几个火山下面的岩浆囊的大小，形状和物理状态的有用信息。本文对这些技术进行了讨论和综述。我国已在Ｐ波波速层析成像方面开展了一系列工作。特别是在云南地区已得到了该省及其邻近地区的三维速度图像。由于现有台网不够密集，获得的速度图像分辨较低。尽管如此，在腾冲地区从２０ｋｍ到４５０ｋｍ深度都有低速度结构的显示。要想系统地研究腾冲火山地区的火山构造和地震活动性，以及探测该地区的岩浆囊，必须在该地区布设较密集的地震观测台网。

During the past two decades,rapid strides have been made in science of detection and delineation of magma chambers.Various seismological techniques including velocity and attenuation tomography,seismicity mapping and refraction and reflection,and potential field techniques such as gravity geodesy and electromagnetics surveys have provided useful information on the shape,size, and physical state of magma chambers beneath several volcanoes. Authors have summarized and discussed these techniques.A series researches of P wave velocity tomography have been made in China.Especially,3-D velocity image in Yunnan region and surroundings have been obtained.But the resolution of this image is lower because of sparse siesmic network.In spite of this,low velocity structure beneath Teng-chong volcano region depth from 20km to 450km was showed.Building denseseismic array in Teng-chong volcano region is necessary in order to research in detail volcanic structure and seismicity mapping,and to detect magma chamber in this area.