可能的科斯定理与不可能的科斯主义

The Possible Coase Theorem and the Impossible Coasianism

“科斯主义”是对“科斯定理”的错误引证。它忽略了被科斯当作分析前提的一个重要事实:利用市场交换制度本身也是一种经济权利。如果“交易权”的界定对市场正常交易具有“新的外部性影响”,那么,“科斯交易”对于社会效率的保证将是不确定的。如果社会成员预见到自己将来无法退出市场制度,那么,在他们之间达成社会契约的前景也是不明朗的。不论“科斯定理”是真理还是谬误,“科斯主义”将社会契约论版本的“科斯定理”用于指导社会构建和经济转轨的做法都隐含着危险。

Coasianism adduces Coase Theorem in a wrong way. It ignores the indispensable fact, which is a premise by Coase, that availability of market system is a kind of property right. As the ＂dealing right＂ imposes a new externality to normal dealings on the market, it is uncertain whether Coasian transaction is capable of ensuring the social efficiency. If some of the social members forecast that they will not be able to quit from the market system, it is also uncertain whether they can achieve a social contract about the market system. Whether Coase Theorem itself is true or false, Coasianism in a social contract garb is hazard to the social construct and transition economy.