论道德共同体

On Moral Community

任何存在物,只要具有利益并且有利于人类,就应该被道德地对待从而成为道德共同体的成员。简而言之,有利于人类的一切生物是道德共同体的界限。但是,只有道德的特殊的和直接的起源、目的以及标准,才可能是为了增进动植物等非人类存在物的利益;而道德终极的起源、目的和标准,则只能是为了增进人类的利益。

Any existence, so long as it has the benefit and is advantageous to the humanity, should become a moral community member and be treated morally. All living things,advantageous to humanity, are the moral community＇s boundary. But only the moral special and the direct origin, the goal as well as the standard, is possibly for promote the zoology and botany that is the non-humanity existence benefit. Contrarily moral ultimate origin, goal and standard only can be for promote the humanity the benefit.