分权理论与英国宪政体制之自我解构

Power Separation Principle and Deconstruction of Constitutional System of Britain

英国的宪政体制长期以来被视为挑战分权理论的最有力工具。其实英国最高法院的设置在实质上是契合分权理论的,大法官和内阁的设置只是部分与分权理论相背离。之所以会误读英国宪政体制与分权理论的关系,是因为我们缺乏对分权理论的精细化认识。英国宪政体制之改革正在向外形和实质都更加契合分权理论的方向发展。我们在对待分权理论时必须谨记:权力是可以划分的,但分权又是相对的。

Constitutional system of UK seems to be the most threatening instrument to challenge the power -separation theory. But UK＇s supreme court snugly tally with the power-separation theory, the Lord Chancellor and cabinet contradict with the theory only in part. Lack of fine understanding with the power -separation theory lead to misunderstanding of constitutional system of UK. The innovation in UK is making its constitutional system corresponding to the power-separation theory not only in appearance but also in essence. We must stick to that power could be divided and separation of power is relative, then we could vindicate the theory indeed.