美国国际民事管辖权中的两大阀门——不方便法院原则与禁诉命令

Two Valves of International Civil Jurisdiction of USA ——Forum non conveniens doctrine and anti-suit injunction

美国最高法院根据形势发展的需要,建立了宽泛的国际民事管辖权制度。与此同时,美国国际民事管辖权制度中还设立了两大阀门,即不方便法院原则与禁诉命令,以此来防止与美国没有多大联系的案件进入美国法院,或防止与美国有关的案件流出美国法院。美国宽泛的国际民事管辖权根据、不方便法院原则和禁诉命令共同构成美国国际民事管辖权的铁三角,从而充分保证了美国当事人和美国国家的各种利益。

According to development of situation, the Supreme Court of USA established extensive jurisdiction system. Meanwhile, in order to prevent some cases, which have no connection to USA, into American court or prevent some cases, which have important connection to USA, out of American court, it also es tablished two valves, i.e. forum non conveniens doctrine and anti-suit injunction. Extensive jurisdiction, forum non conveniens doctrine and anti-suit injunction all together constituted the iron triangle of international civil jurisdiction of America, thereby, these system undertake the benefits of America and American client.