论我国法官阐明行使之范围

On the Exercise Scope of the Judge's Statement

法官阐明是市场经济条件下民事诉讼的一项重要法律制度,而阐明的行使问题更是诉讼中活的机制和力量。随着民事诉讼审判方式改革的推行和民事诉讼理论的发展,主张我国民事诉讼应当由职权主义转向当事人主义成为理论和实践的主流,阐明的行使及其范围的问题确需给予更多务实的关注。阐明行使应当存在着一定的限度,对行使之范围的理解要从时间(包括时机、程序、阶段)和内容等多个角度来把握。文章针对我国国情提出阐明行使之范围的具体化的内容,并从相反情形划出法官阐明应当避免涉足的范围。虽然司法实务中阐明行使标准很难掌握,但由于阐明的行使对当事人权益的实现有着较大的影响,故此本文也顺带提出了赋予当事人对法官不当行使阐明的相应救济手段和程序的建议。

Judge＇s statement is an important legal system of the civil procedure under the market economy, and the enforcement of the statement is an even more important mechanism and force. With the promotion of the trial reform of civil procedure and the development of the civil procedure theories, the claim for transforming the authority-orientation into party-orientation has become the mainstream in both theory and practice. And the enforcement of statement and its scope do need more attention. The enforcement of statement should be confined to a certain range, and the scope should be defined from various perspectives, such as time, which includes timing, process, phase, and content. According to the situation of China, this paper puts forward the concretized content of the exercise scope of the statement, and at the same time, suggests a range that judge＇s statement should try to avoid. Though the exercise criteria of the statement are quite elusive, the statement has a great impact on the party＇ s rights and interests. Therefore, the author gives some suggests methods of relief for the parties so as to response to the judge＇s improper statements.