昆嵛山萱草属植物细胞学研究及其应用分析

Cytologic Studies on the Genus Hemerocallis L.from Kunyu Mountain and its Application

研究了两种来自昆嵛山萱草属(H.emerocallis)植物的染色体数目、核型,结果表明:黄花菜(H.citrina)的体细胞中期染色体核型:2n=2X=22=16m+4sm+2T,核型不对称系数为58.9%,染色体相对长度组成:2n=2X=22=6L+10M1+6S,染色体总体积为105.39μm3;北萱草(H.esculenta)体细胞中期染色体核型:2n=2X=22=20m+2T,核型不对称系数为53.8%,染色体相对长度组成:2n=2X=22=4L+2M2+14M1+2S,染色体总体积为99.43μm3。同时对染色体的性状进行了巢式方差分析,表明居群内个体间、细胞间染色体的形态和大小具有一定程度的变异,且居群内的变异主要来自于个体间;最后分析了该属植物的应用前景。

The chromosome numbers and karyotypos of two species of Hemerocallis were studied. The results showed that the karyotypes of metaphase chromosomes in somatic cells were as follows：the number of H. citrina was 2 n = 2X = 22 = 16m ＋ 4sm ＋ 2T, the AS. K% was 58.9 %, the relative length of chromosome was 2n = 2X = 22 =6L ＋ 10M1 ＋ 6S,the total volume of chromosomes was 105.39 μm^3 .The number of H. esculenta was 2n = 2X = 22 = 20m ＋ 2T, the AS. K% was 53.8%, the relative length of chromosome was 2n = 2X = 22 = 4L ＋ 2M2 ＋ 14M1 ＋ 2S, the total volume of chromosomes was 99.43μm^3. And the morphology of chromosomes was analysed by nested analysis.The result showed there was variation in the degree between individuals and between cells. Moreover the variation in the population was mainly from the variation between individuals. At last application was analyzed.