1[1]Nash CL, Gerdes H. Methods of palliation of esophageal and gastric cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am, 2002, 11: 459～483, xiii.
2[2]Weigel TL, Frumiento C, Gaumintz E. Endoluminal palliation for dysphagia secondary to esophageal carcinoma. Surg Clin North Am, 2002, 82:747～ 761.
3[3]Mergener K, Kozarek RA. Stenting of the gastrointestinal tract. Dig Dis, 2002, 20: 173～181.
4[4]Petruzziello L, Costamagna G. Stenting in esophageal strictures. Dig Dis, 2002, 20: 154～166.
5[5]Takimoto Y, Nakamura T, Yamamoto Y, Kiyotani T, Teramachi M, Shimizu Y. The experimental replacement of a cervical esophageal segment with an artificial prosthesis with the use of collagen matrix and a silicone stent. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1998, 116: 98～106.
2[2]Abdullah V,Yim AP,Woemald PJ,et al.Dumon silicone stents in obstructive tracheobronchial lesions:the Hong Kong experience[J].Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg,1998,118:256-260.
3Mooty RC, Rath P, Self M, et al. Review of tracheo-esophageal fis- tula associated with endotracheal intubation. J Surg Educ ,2007,64: 237-240.
4Crema E, Fatureto MC, Gonzaga MN, et al. Tracheoesophageal fis- tula after caustic ingestion. J Bras Pneumol,2007,33:105-108.
5Han Y, Liu K, Li X, et al. Repair of massive stent-induced tracheo- esophageal fistula. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2009,137:813-817.
6John V, Mathai J, Chacko J, et al. Tracheoesophageal fistula in a child after blunt chest trauma. J Pediatr Surg,2006,41 :E27-E29.
7Mukhopadhyay B, Tripathy BB, Saha S,et al. Acquired tracheo-oe- sophageal fistula: a case report. J Indian Med Assoc,2008,106: 806, 808.
8Macchiarini P, Delamare N, Beuzeboc P, et al. Tracheoesophageal fistula caused by mycobacterial tuberculosis adenopathy. Ann Thorac Surg, 1993,55 : 1561-1563.
9Blackmon SH, Santora R, Schwarz P, et al. Utility of removable e- sophageal covered self-expanding metal stents for leak and fistula management. Ann Thorac Surg,2010 ,89 :931-936.
10Altorjay A, Mucs M, Roll M, et al. Recurrent, nonmalignant tra- cheoesophageal fistulas and the need for surgical improvisation. Ann Thorac Surg,2010,89:1789-1796.
