医院不动杆菌感染及耐药性分析

Nosocimal acinetobacter infection and drug resistance

目的探讨医院内不动杆菌感染及其对抗菌药物的耐药性。方法对2001年11月～2004年12月各种感染标本进行不动杆菌培养和药敏试验。结果共检出革兰阴性杆菌680株。其中不动杆菌93株（13．7％），其中73株来自呼吸道标本，鲍曼不动杆菌是最主要的感染菌种（73．1％）。72．9％菌株耐5～16种抗菌药物，大多数β-内酰胺类抗菌药物活性小于50％，一代头孢类耐药率明显高于三代，而多粘菌素B、氯霉素、庆大霉衷、卡那霉素、链霉索耐药率均大于50％；头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、阿米卡星、妥布霉素，喹喏酮类、哌拉西林、头孢拉定耐药率依次是9．9％、23．1％、23．4％、24．2％、29．7％、29．7％。结论重视临床感染标本不动杆菌检出及其耐药谱的研究。依照药敏试验台理应用抗菌药物，以减少细菌耐药产生和传播，防止院内感染。

Objective To study nosoeimal aeinetobacter infection and its drug resistance to antimicrobial agents. Methods The acinetobacilli culture and susceptibility test ware performed in various specimen of infection obtained from November 2001 to December 2004. Results Six hundred and eighty strains of gram negative bacilli, among of these were 93 （13.7 % ） strains of acinetobaeter, were detected. Among of 93 strains of acinetobaeter , 73 strains were obtained from respiratory tract specimen and the Baumanii （73.1% ） oomposed major portion of aeinetobacter, in which, 72.9 % strains were resistant to 5 to 16 kinds of antihacterials. Antirnicrobial activity of major ？ - laetmase antibiotics was less than 50% ,The resistant rate of the first generation of eephalosporins was higher than the third generation one. However, antimicrobial activity of polymyxin B. Chloramyphenicol, C, entamicin, Kanamycin and Streptomycin were over 50 %, and resistant rate of Gefoperazone/Sulbactam, Amikaein, Tobramyein, Huoruguinolones, Pioeracillin and Cefradine were 9.9 %, 23.1%, 23.4 %, 24.2 %, 29.7 % and 29. 7 %, respetively. Conclusion The detection of nosocimal aeinetobaeter infection and drug resistance spectra, and reasonable application of antibacterials according to susceptibility test should be adopted so as to decrease events of drug resistance of bacterium and prevent the occurrence of nosoeimal infection.