中子及中子散射特征

Neutron and neutron scattering characteristic

中子以它特有的性质,使它成为继X射线和电子衍射之后的又一研究微观物质结构的有效方法。由于中子散射技术的发展,人们才得以在声子色散曲线和同位素效应的研究等方面有所收获。中子散射可以说是对X射线衍射和电子衍射的一个重要的和不可缺少的补充。中子散射技术利用中子不带电、穿透力极强、能直接鉴别核素、较之X射线对轻元素灵敏、具有磁矩和波粒二象性等特点,使之成为一种独特的,从原子和分子尺度上研究各种物质结构和微观世界运动规律的高新技术。

After X - ray and electronic diffraction, neutron becomes another effective method to study micro substance structure because its special nature. Because of the development of neutron scattering technology, people successed in the field of phonon dispersion curve and isotope effect study. We can say that neutron scattering is an important and necessary complement for X - ray diffraction and electronic diffraction. Making use of the characteristic of neutron, without electricity、strong penetrating power、ability to distinguish nuclide directly、more sensitive to light elements than X - ray、bearing duality of magnetic moment and wave - particle and so on, neutron scattering technology has become a special advanced high technology to study all kinds of substance structure and micro world motion characteristics of the atom and molecule scale.