内蒙古干旱、半干旱地区野生扁蓿豆种子贮藏蛋白质的变异

Variation in Seed Storage Proteins of Melilotoides Ruthenica in Inner Mongolian Dry Land

扁蓿豆是异花授粉的多年生二倍体植物,分布于内蒙古中东部地区。利用SDS聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳技术对采自内蒙古5个地区的20个居群的种子贮藏蛋白质进行了研究。结果表明,供试材料蛋白质分子量介于140kDa^13kDa之间,共在36个点位出现了蛋白质带。分子量为41kDa、31kDa及13kDa点位的3条带在供试材料中全部出现。另外,第1和第17点位带表现频度比较低。对20个居群蛋白质带信息进行相异性平均聚类分析,共聚为六类:聚类Ⅰ包括赤峰市2个居群和锡林郭勒盟1个居群;聚类Ⅱ包括赤峰市1个居群、锡林郭勒盟2个居群和乌兰察布市2个居群;聚类Ⅲ包括通辽市1个居群、赤峰市2个居群、锡林郭勒盟2个居群和呼和浩特市1个居群;聚类Ⅳ包括呼和浩特市1个居群和乌兰察布市2个居群;聚类Ⅴ包括呼和浩特市和乌兰察布市各1个居群;聚类Ⅵ只有锡林郭勒盟1个居群。据此推测,扁蓿豆是蛋白质多样性的种群。

Melilotoides ruthenicaLedebour that grows naturally in the Middle East part grassland of Inner Mongolia has an excellent performance under aird and semiarid conditions. Twenty accessions of M, ruthenica were collected from five areas in the Middle East part of Inner Mongolia. Seed storage proteins were sparated by SDS-PAGE. Total of 36 bands across accessions were found ranging in molecular weight between 140kDa and 12kDa. Three common bands were observed with molecular weights of 41,31 and 12kDa. On the other hand,only 15% of the accessions possess bands with 134 and 36kDa. Clustering the accessions with UPGMA procedure using Euclidian distances showed the existence of six different groups. Interestingly ,accessions collected from the same areas failed to cluster together. For example, the five accessions collected from Chifeng area showed a genetic distance of 0. 598 and fell into three groups. The accessions collected from Xilinguole area showed a genetic distance of 0. 437 and fell into four different groups. The results indicated the presence of a wide range of variation even within accessions collected from the same area. Futher exploration of theses variations could be useful for better utilization of the obserevd variability to improve pasturing in Inner Mongolia.