气相色谱/质谱法分析柏树叶挥发油的化学成分

Analysis of Volatile Constituents in Leaves of Three Cypress Species by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

采用水蒸气蒸馏技术提取了3种柏树叶的挥发油,经气相色谱/质谱分析,共分离和鉴定了64种化学成分,其主要成分为萜烯类,其他成分为烷烃类、醇类、酚类和酯类等。其中圆柏树叶中分离鉴定出33种挥发性成分,主要萜类为桧烯(20.99%)和柠檬烯(19.78%);中山柏树叶中分离鉴定出37种挥发性成分,主要为α-蒎烯(10.39%)、桧烯(11.19%)和δ-3-蒈烯(8.88%);龙柏树叶中分离鉴定出37种挥发性成分,主要为柠檬烯(24.56%)和β-月桂烯(8.04%)。分离鉴定出3种柏树叶的共有成分14种。

Volatile oils in leaves of three cypress species were extracted by hydrodistillation method and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Sixty-four constituents were separated and identified. The majority of the components were found to be monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. There were 33, 37, 37 compounds in the oils of leaves of Sabina chinensis （L.） Ant, Cupressus iusitanica ＇zhongshan＇ Mill and Sabina chinensis （L.） Ant. Cv. Kaizuca, respectively. Fourteen compounds were common to them, which were thujene, α-pinene, camphene, sabinene, β-myrcene, α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, α-terpinolene, bornyl acetate, β-elemene, α-amorphene, germacrene D, δ-cadinene and elemol. In addition, each species had particular compounds. The main components were found to be： sabinene （20.99%）, limonene （19.78%） and bornyl acetate （11.68%） for Sabina chinensis （L.） Ant; α-pinene （10.39%）, sabinene （11.19%） and δ-3-carene （8.88%） for Cupressus lusitanica ＇zhongshan＇ Mill; limonene （24.56%）, β-myrcene （8.04%） for Sabina chinensis （L.） Ant. Cv. Kaizuca.