试论苜蓿产业化在农业产业结构调整中的地位

Superficial Discussing the Status of Alfalfa IndustrializationIn the Structural Adjustment of Agriculture

我国农业产业结构的调整,主要是种植结构由过去的二元结构,调整为粮-经-饲三元结构;养殖结构由食粮型为主调整为食草型为主;二者与加工业有机结合起来形成两大产业链,实现集约化、规模化、商品化经营。这种调整必然要求草业走向产业化经营,以适应草食动物规模化发展的需要。这也为草业的产业化发展提供了机遇。草业产业化,主要是指苜蓿产业化。因为苜蓿和其它牧草相比有其独有的特性,这决定了它是草业产业化建设中首选的牧草品种。苜蓿产业化不应单以苜蓿生产一条产业链来界定。应涵盖与加工业紧密结合的种植、养殖两条产业链下三种企业组织模式,相互联系、相互渗透、互为因果、形成整体。这样才能真正把苜蓿产业化形成建立在科学基础之上,促进健康发展。

The adjustment of agricultural industrialization refers to that the three-component cropping system （cereal, economic crops and feed） replaces the two-component cropping system and that the feeding system is adjusted from grain type to grass type , which combine with processing industry to form the two major industry chains managed economically, extensively and commercially. In order to meet the need of the large-scale development of herbivore this kind of adjustment must require the grass industry to carry on industrialization management, which offers the opportunity for industrialized development of the grass industry too. Pasture industrialization refers to alfalfa industrialization. Compared with other forage, the alfalfa has its advantages, as it becomes the first-selected variety of forage in pasture industrialization construction. The industrialization of the alfalfa should not be defined by one chain of alfalfa production, but it includes three kinds of enterprises organizing pattern, which connect, penetrate, act as the cause and effect, form the whole each other, as the industrialization of the alfalfa could be set up on the scientific foundation.