从语用层面分析语言的隐喻用法

Analysis of Metaphorical Use of Language at the Pragmatic Level

运用系统功能语言学理论从语用层面分析了语言的隐喻使用。首先对语用隐喻作了界定,然后对两种主要语用隐喻作了阐述:一种是非委婉隐喻,另一种是委婉隐喻。非委婉隐喻就是在交际中使用表面有礼貌、听上去顺耳的语言去表达对听话人的不尊敬。而委婉隐喻是用粗鲁的、不规则的,有时甚至使用禁忌语去表达对听话人的友好甚至深情。

This paper applies systemic functional linguistics to the analysis of metaphorical use of language at the pragmatic level. It first gives a definition of pragmatic metaphor and then discusses two major kinds of pragmatic metaphors： 1. Dysphemistic metaphors;2. Euphemistic metaphors. Dysphemistic metaphor means the use of good-sounding, positive and polite language with an intention to express attitudes of disrespect towards the listener or audience in the communication. Euphemistic metaphor, on the contrary, refers to the use of aggressive, impolite, irregular language even taboo words with good, friendly and affectionate feelings from the speaker.