板式无碴轨道用CA砂浆的关键技术

Key Technologies of CA Mortar for Slab Track

从对CA砂浆(水泥-沥青砂浆)垫层的要求出发,比较国产和日本的CA砂浆性能,阐述CA砂浆及专用乳化沥青的关键技术。我国的无碴轨道研究开发已经有了多年的基础,完成了一系列从试验室试验到现场试验、改进试验、再上道试验的过程,确立“从最终的使用性能要求出发”这一新概念进行CA砂浆的设计;通过对CA砂浆集料性质的反演,研究集料的特性,进行混合料设计和性能分析,确定新材料的合理配方;按照使用性能要求研究CA砂浆的质量检验方法。采用阳离子乳化剂进行沥青的乳化,增强合成材料的包容性;使用高分子聚合物材料作为添加剂进行沥青改性,改进沥青的结构—力学性能;设计适应不同温度地区使用的材料配方和添加剂;指出CA砂浆的制备和施工设备必须专业化,以满足大规模生产和施工时稳定CA砂浆质量的要求。建议从使用性能出发,建立CA砂浆的质量检验标准体系。

Based on the requirement of Concrete-Asphalt mortar （CA mortar） cushion, this paper presents the key technologies of CA mortar and emulsified asphalt by comparing the performance and the properties of CA mortar made in China and in Japan. Ballastless track has been studied and developed for many years in China. A series of accomplishments have been achieved in four stages experiments including laboratory tests, field tests, improvement tests and on-track test. In the design of CA mortar, a new concept is proposed, namely, ＂Ultimate actual function as the guiding principle＂. Testing the characteristics of CA mortar composition repeatedly, researching on the feature of the material and making a design and property analysis of the mixed material can determine a rational composition of new material. Quality test methods are studied according to the requirement of the actual function. Positive ion emulsion is used to emulsify asphalt and enhance the capacity of material. Polymer materials, as addictives, are also used to modify asphalt which improves the structure of asphalt - mechanics characteristic. Thereby different material compositions and addietives are designed to apply to zones with varying temperature. It is put forward that CA mortar production and construction facilities ought to be professionalized in order to stabilize the quality of CA mortar on large-scale manufacture and construction. Thus we suggest that quality test standard system of CA mortar be set up on the basis of the actual function of materials.