基于声线理论的水声被动定位原理

Theory of passive localization for underwater sources based on acoustic ray modelling

本文论述以声线理论信道模型为基础的水声被动定位原理。文中运用声线理论建立水下声信道的数学模型，求解联结声源与接收器的本征声线，分析本征声线的到达角结构（ＤＯＡＡｒｒｉｖｉｎｇＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ）与时延谱到达结构（ＴＤＳＡｒｒｉｖｉｎｇＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ），以及它们与未知声源位置的关系。通过空一时二维到达结构的匹配处理，实现对声源的被动定位。与通常的基于简正波理论的被动定位方法相比，声线法被动定位实现简便，运算量小，不要求太大的基阵孔径，而且定位性能对环境参数较不敏感，因而具有很好的实际应用前景。

This paper presents the theory of passive localization for underwater sources based on Acoustic Ray channel modelling. The principles of channel modelling in Ray-theory) determination of eigenrayswhich connect source and receiver, analysis of DOA arriving structure and time delay spectrum arrivingstructure, their relationship to source location are given in the paper. Source location is estimated bymatching measured DOA and TDS to their calculated counterparts. The method of Ray-theory basedpassive localization features its simplicity, less calculation, short array aperture and robust performanceto environment parameters, as compared with those methods based on Normal Mode theory. It is expected that this theory may find practical applications in the coming years.