上海口岸进口化肥中有害物质含量监测及潜在风险分析

RISK ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION FOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES IN IMPORT FERTILIZERS AT SHANGHAI PORT

[目的]对化肥中有害物质存在所带来的风险作出比较分析,并提出相关对策和建议。[方法]用ICP-MS和化学光度法,分别对近两年上海口岸33批进口化肥和20多批国内化肥进行测定分析。[结果]进口化肥中As,Ba,Cr,Cu,Co,Cd,Hg,Mo,Pb,Se,Sb,Zn和SCN-、NO2-均有不同程度的存在,按即将颁布的国标限量要求,进口化肥批次中至少20%不合格,国内化肥大约30%不合格。[结论]须加强对进出口化肥中有害元素的监测和监控,尽早提出相应的有害元素限量指标。

Risk analysis and evaluation were made to detect the hazard substances in fertilizer, and suggestions were made. Samples were taken from 33 batches of fertilizer imported from Shanghai port and from the 20 batches in domestic market in the past 2 years. Using ICP-MS and chemical spectrometry, samples were analyzed. Hazard substances, such as As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Co, Cd, Hg, Mo, Pb, Se, Sb, Zn, SCN- and NO2^- were found in import fertilizers with different contents. According to the upcoming Chinese National Standard, at least 20% of the imported batches and 30% of the domestic are unqualified, it shows that a new limit for the hazard substances in fertilizer shall be made as soon as possible and measures should be taken to strength the monitoring of harmful elements in imported fertilizer.