试论明清江淮地区的水旱灾害与农业耕作的变迁

An Introduction to Floods and Droughts and Changes of Agro-farming in Jianghuai of China in Ming and Qing Dynasties

本文以灾害社会经济史的视角,对明清时期江淮地区的水旱灾害与农业耕作关系作了深入地探讨。笔者以为,频发的水旱灾害不仅造成了江淮大量耕地的丧失和可耕地地力的下降,从而严重阻碍了当地社会经济的发展,还造成了江淮一些地区传统优势种植农业的衰退以及一些地区耕作制度的逆转。

This article use the Marxist materialist conception of history and probe into the relationship between floods and droughts and agro- fanning in Jianghuai of China in Ming and Qing dynasties, with the visual angle of social economic history of calamity. The author holds that the frequent floods and droughts caused disappearance of lots of cultivated land and declination of land fertility. So this kind of situation not only hindered the development of local social economy seriously, but also caused declination of plant agriculture in traditional advantage and reverse of cropping system in some area.