战后工业化的努力:乡村工业示范的兴起和发展

The Efforts on Industrialization in Post WW II: the Birth and Development of Industry Demonstrating Project (1946-1949)

乡村工业示范是抗战结束后在联合国善后救济总署资助下建立的一个农业善后项目,联合国善后救济总署倾向于使之能为善后救济生产物资,而中国人则希望由此能促进中国乡村的工业化。结果,示范组未能有效的实现生产救济物资的目标,却为乡村工业示范做了大量的准备。联总结束后示范组改为示范处,示范处则明确了促进农村生产,改善农民生活的目的,宣称不再具善后救济性质,并积极开展了以技术推广为主要内容的乡村工业示范活动。然而,由于国内政治经济形势趋于恶化,乡村工业示范事业最终黯然结束。

The AID（ Agriculture Industry Demonstration）is one of the projects of Agricultural Relief that were subsidized by UNRRA（United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration）after Anti- Japanese war. It wassupposed to preduce materials for relief by UNRRA, while for most Chinese people it was supposed to promote theagriculture industrialization in China. As a result, AID failed to reach the goal of preducing alms; however it hadmade a large amount of preparation for rural industry. With the completion of CNRRA（Chinese Nation Relief andRehabilitation Administration）, AID adjusted its organization and target. Its target was defined to promote ruralproduction and improve rural life quality in stead of relief mission. AID began endeavoring to bring the agricultural technology into rural area. Unfortunately, with the worsening of political and economic situation in the Republic China, AIDP failed finally.