技术与圩田土壤环境史:以嘉湖平原为中心

Technology and soil ecological history: Taking the plain of Jiaxing and Huzhou as an example

本文在嘉兴、湖州地区圩田历史研究的基础上,对精耕细作农业技术与土壤的生态关系进行了分析。自五代时期,这里的圩田与水稻土就形成了,随着传统精耕细作农业技术的推广,圩田的土壤结构也不断得到改良。水利、水旱轮作和大量施河泥,对良性土壤的形成产生了很大的作用。高肥力水稻土甚至对技术形成了依赖,不进行精耕细作,土壤往往会由活变死。唐宋以来,这一地区的圩田土壤支持了中国传统时期最高产、最发达的农业。

On the research of the history of low - lying paddy fields in Jiaxing and Huzhou plain, the relationship between soil ecology and the intensive cultivation is analyzed. From the period of the Five Dynasties, thelow - lying paddy fields and paddy soil was formed there, and the soil construction was becoming better and better as the spreading of the traditional intensive agricultural technology. Hydro - melioration, rice field - upland fieldrotation and applying river mud in a great amount, made a great effect on the formation of soil construction in good nature. High soil fertility of paddy field is dependent to intensive cultivation, soil can be ＂dead＂ due to thedenying of intensive cultivation. From the period of Tang and Song Dynasties, the soil of low - lying paddy fieldsin this area sustained the agriculture in highest production and highest advance in Chinese traditional history.