新保守派内部关于美国外交政策的辩论

Debates on American Foreign Policy among the Neoconservatives and Their Policy Implications

新保守派外交思想极大地影响了布什政府的外交政策。2004年开始,新保守派的两位重要人物弗朗西斯·福山和查尔斯·克劳瑟默之间就美国外交政策发生了一场激烈的辩论,内容涉及对美国实力地位的界定、对美国“现实威胁”的研判、美国应对威胁的策略和重建伊拉克国家的政策。本文在对这次辩论的内容和背景分析的基础上,得出结论认为,这次辩论的核心是新保守派内部小流派传统斗争的升级,将会引起新保守派内部的进一步分化;辩论的根源是新保守派成员力图防止其他派别扩大对美国外交政策的影响,确保新保守派对布什政府外交政策的影响力;辩论的实质是不同利益集团对布什政府外交政策主导权的争夺。作为新经济集团代言人,福山的观点将对美国未来的外交政策产生更大的影响。

Since the beginning of 2004, Francis Fukuyama and Charles Krauthammer, two important neocon figures, have been engaged in a heated debate on American foreign policy. In analyzing the content and background of the debate, this article concludes that the debate reflects the escalation of traditional sectarian conflict within the neocon camp and will cause further split within the camp. The essence of the debate is the rivalry for influence on the Bush administration's foreign policy among various interest groups.