摘要
DNA简单重复序列从1974年在海洋生物中被发现,到1989年“微卫星”术语开始使用这段时间是这种新型分子标记技术的发展阶段。伴随着PCR技术的发明、成熟与拓展,微卫星DNA以其多态性高、随机分布、共显性遗传、重复性好等特点在生物学的个体及系统发育方面得到很广泛的应用。本文从微卫星DNA的发展简史开始,较详细地介绍了它的原理、方法及策略,然后概括了在海洋动、植物的遗传学中,微卫星DNA在遗传多样性分析、遗传图谱构建、基因鉴定和标记以及系谱认证等领域的研究,展望了其在海洋生物分子育种、基因克隆、生物保护等方面的应用前景。
The period from 1974 when simple sequence repeats were found occurring in a species of marine organisms, to 1989 when the term microsatellite DNA was used, was the developing stage of microsatellite DNA. Accompanying the invention and development of the PCR technique, microsatellite DNA technique was employed widely in the research of ontogeny and phylogeny of organisms due to its properties of high diversity, random distribution, codominant genetics, and reproducibility. After presenting a brief introduction to its development history, the paper describes the principle, method and strategy of the microsatellite DNA technique and its application to genetic diversity analysis, the construction of genetic mapping, gene and marker fingerprinting, and genealogical identification of marine organisms. Finally the paper presents the prospects for this technique in its application to molecular breeding, gene clone, and conservative biology.
出处
《海洋湖沼通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第1期37-45,共9页
Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划资助(2002AA603032)
关键词
分子标记
微卫星DNA
遗传多样性
遗传图谱
系谱认证
molecular marker
microsatellite
genetic diversity
genetic mapping
genealogical identification
