生物强化及在环境污染物生物治理中的新进展

Bioaugmentation and its progress in biotreatment of environmental contaminant

综述了应用于环境污染物生物治理的生物强化技术的研究进展,主要涉及对传统生物强化技术的改进和新型生物强化技术的探索两个方面．结果表明:对于传统生物强化技术的改进,载体技术与包埋技术能提高投加到处理系统的外源微生物的存活率和活性,而应用低粘性细菌、超级细菌和表面活性剂的技术则强化了外源微生物的传输;对于新型生物强化技术的探索,基因强化技术如基因工程菌(GEMs)或基因水平转移等,可以促进专项降解基因菌适应新的环境,并实现污染物的高效生物降解．

The research progress of bioaugmentation technology applied in the biotreatment of environmental contaminants was summarized. The improvement of conventional bioaugmentation technology and the research on innovative bioaugmentation technology was mainly concerned. The results indicate that the carrier technology and encapsulated technology can increase the survival ratio and activity of the exogenous microorganisms dosed into the treatment system for an improved conventional bioaugmentation technology, and the technology with adhesion-deficient bacteria, super-bacteria or surfactants can enhance the transport of the exogenous microorganisms. For the exploration of innovative bioaugmentation technology, the gene bioaugmentation technology, such as genetic engineering microorganisms （GEMs） or gene horizontal transfer, can promote the special metabolizing gene bacteria to adapt itself to the new environment, and the highly efficient biodegration of contaminants was realized.