贵州喀斯特山区工程性缺水解决的出路与关键科技问题

SOLUTIONS AND MAJOR SCIENTIFIC PROBLEMS ON ENGINEERING WATER SHORTAGE IN KARST MOUNTAIN AREA OF GUIZHOU

喀斯特山区的缺水是由于自然条件差,工程条件不具备造成特有的“工程性缺水”,或称为“环境性缺水”。通过对喀斯特山区工程性缺水成因分析,结合喀斯特山区自然和社会经济条件,提出了以浅层喀斯特水开发利用、雨水收集利用及节水为主的解决喀斯特山区工程性缺水的模式和措施。并针对以往试验示范中出现的问题,提出了需要解决的关键问题是:如何确切地计算和评价浅层喀斯特水资源?如何保护微型蓄水工程(小水池、水窖、水柜)水质,确保人畜饮水安全?表层带喀斯特水开发对地表生态环境的影响如何?

The engineering water shortage in karst mountain area seriously restricts the development of society and economy, By analyzing the causes of formation of engineering water shortage and acconiing to the natural and social economic condition in karst mountain region, we bring forward the models and measures solving the engineering water shortage in karat mountain region, such as the exploitation utilization of shallow karat water, the colloction and utilization of rain and saving on water. Countering the problems during the previous experiment and demonstration, we also put forward the key scientific and technological problems that need to be solved as follows：how we precisely calculate and evaluate the shallow karat water resources, how we protect the quality of water in minitype impound works（ small poo1, water cellar, water cupboard） and ensure safety in human＂ being and livestock＇s drinking water, and how the exploitation of eplkarst water affect ecological environment？