洮儿河扇形地地表水与地下水资源的转化关系

Research on Transform Relationship Between Surface Water and Groundwater in Taoer River Fan

洮儿河扇形地地表水与地下水的转化关系十分复杂,主要表现在转化量的确定和转化关系影响因素的分析。通过水量平衡法、地下水均衡法分析计算了河水向地下水的转化量。在水量平衡法计算中,首先确定了区间产流,然后建立地表水均衡方程,以此确定转化量;在地下水均衡法计算中,主要通过建立第四系孔隙潜水均衡方程来求取转化量。地表水向地下水转化关系的影响因素主要有地层岩性、降水量、上游来水量、地下水开采量。地层岩性对转化关系的影响属于稳定因素,而上游来水量和地下水开采量属于非稳定因素,直接影响了转化关系的变化规律。

The transform relationship between surface water and groundwater is very complicated in Taoer River Fan because of the difficulties in determining the amount of water transform and the analysis of the affecting factors on this relationship. Through water balance method and groundwater budget ap- proach, the transform amount of water from river water to groundwater is determined. In the water balance method, the local runoff yield is calculated firstly, and then the water transform amount is figured out by constructing a balance equation of surface water. In the groundwater balance approach, the transform amount is calculated by constructing a balance equation mainly of Quaternary phreatic groundwater. The main factors that influence the transfer relationship between surface water and groundwater mainly include lithology, precipitation, upper stream inflow and groundwater exploitation. Lithology is a stable factor, while the upper stream inflow and groundwater exploitation are unstable factors that directly influence the transform regularity.