松嫩平原西南部土地利用动态变化的分形研究

Fractal Research on Dynamic Change of Land Resources in Southwest of Songnen Plain

根据分形理论,采用二维欧氏空间分形维模型的计算方法,以TM卫星影像为主要数据源,在GIS支持下,计算出松嫩平原西南部地区在1989年、1996年和2001年主要土地利用类型的分形维数值、稳定性指数和相关景观指数。并根据分形维数和稳定性指数的物理意义及其与景观指数的关系,综合分析了研究区土地利用的动态变化规律。研究表明,水域、草地和湿地的稳定性相对较差,是较脆弱的土地利用类型;除林地外,其它各土地利用类型的稳定性均呈下降趋势,气候干旱和人类不断强化的经济活动对生态环境系统的影响显著,需加大对研究区生态环境修复和重建工程研究和投资的力度。

Based on the fractal theory and the calculation method of fractal dimension in the 2-D Euclidean space, fractal dimension values, stability index and correlative landscape index of main land-use types in southwest of Songnen Plain in 1989, 1996 and 2001 have been calculated on the data basis of TM satelite image supported by GIS technology. Meanwhile, the dynamic change regularility of land-use is also obtained according to the relation among fractal dimension,tability index and correlative landscape index. The research results show that the stability index of water body, grassland and wetland is inferi- or correspondingly and they are more fragile. Except woodland, the stability index of other land-use type is becoming degressive and the impact of arid climate and human activity on ecological environment is remarkable. In order to protect this fragile ecological environment,the fund for the research and investment for ecological environmental recoverary and rebuilding should be increased.