钕的氢氧化物和氧化物纳米线的制备及表征

Synthesis and Characterization of Neodymium Hydroxide and Oxide Nanowires

以金属钕为起始原料,采用简单的碱性溶液下水热法制备出氢氧化钕纳米线。所得到的水热产物采用X-射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电镜等进行了结构与形态表征。研究发现,水热处理的温度、碱液浓度和碱的种类等对水热产物的形貌、长径比和结晶状态有较大影响,提高水热温度和增加碱液浓度有利于氢氧化钕纳米线的生长。在相同水热反应温度(180℃)、水热时间(45h)和碱浓度下,5mol·L-1NaOH溶液体系制备的氢氧化钕纳米线具有较高纯度和较长的长径比,其直径为20～40nm,长度为2～10μm。该氢氧化钕纳米线在空气气氛下500℃烧结后形成具有体心立方结构的C型Nd2O3,该Nd2O3仍具有一维纳米线形貌。升高焙烧温度时产物的形貌和相结构都发生了明显变化。

Hexagonal neodymium hydroxide nanowires about 20～40 nm in diameter and up to several micrometers in length were prepared through a hydrothermal reaction in alkaline solution at 180 ℃ for 45 h. The obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. It was demonstrated that the hydrothermal temperature, alkaline concentration and alkaline reagents （KOH, NaOH and LiOH） were all had their own effects on the morphology, aspect ratio and crystallinity of the final products. The increase in the hydrothermal temperature and alkaline concentration led to the preferable growth of neodymium hydroxide nanowires. At the same hydrothermal temperature and alkaline concentration, neodymium hydroxide nanowires prepared using the NaOH solution had a better purity and higher aspect ratio. After the calcination of neodymium hydroxide nanowires at 500 ℃ in air, the C-type neodymium oxide nanowires with bcc structure were obtained.