超耐热酸性α-淀粉酶基因的克隆及其在酵母细胞中的表达

Molecular Cloning and Expression of Extremely Thermostable and Acid-stable Amylase Gene in Pichia pastoris

用PCR方法扩增来源于极端嗜热厌氧古菌Pyrococcus furiosus中的超耐热酸性α-淀粉酶的结构基因，将该结构基因引入载体pPIC9K中，将重组质粒pPIC9K—Amy转化大肠杆菌DH5α细胞，测序结果表明，克隆到的α-淀粉酶结构基因为1305bp，其编码的成熟肽为435个氨基酸。将正确构建的重组质粒转化毕赤酵母GS115细胞，得到酵母工程菌株。在酵母α-Factor及AOX1基因启动子和终止信号的调控下，超耐热酸性α-淀粉酶在甲醇酵母中大量表达并分泌到胞外，该酶的表达受甲醇的严格调控和诱导，随着诱导培养时间的增加，在培养基上清液中的单位体积酶活力相应上升，在诱导培养7d后酶活力达到最大值。该酶最适反应温度为90-100℃，最适反应pH值为4．5—5．5。该酶具有非常好的温度稳定性，在100℃条件下热处理5h。仍具有60％以上的酶活力。该酶的这些优点使其非常适于在工业生产上应用。

The gene encoding a extremely thermostable and acid-stable α-Amylase was amplified by PCR using hyperthermophilic archaebacterium pyrococcus furiosus genomic DNA as template. Then the gene was cloned into the vector of pPIC9K. The recombinant vector pPIC9K-amy was then transformed into E. coli DH5α strain. Sequencing test showed that the α-amylase gene cloned consisted of 1305 base pairs and the mature protein encoded by the gene consisted of 435 amino acids. The recombinant vector was transformed into chromosome of methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris GS115 strain. Regulated by the α-Factor, promoter of AOX1 gene and termination signal of yeast genomic, the recombinant α-Amylase was expressed and excreted out of the cells. The expression of the recombinant α-amylase was strictly induced by methanol. As induction time increased, the activity of amylase per milliliter medium went up accordingly. After 7 days induction, the activity of the amylase reached the max. The recombinant a-amylase exhibited maximal activity at 90 -100℃ and at pHranging from 4.5 to 5.0.The enzyme is so thermostable that after disposed at 100℃ for 5 hours over 60% of activity was retained.