中国新型农村合作医疗制度设计的实证分析——基于贵州、内蒙、陕西试点(旗)县的调研

An Empirical Analysis of Chinese New-type Rural Cooperative Medical Service——On the basis of investigative study of experimental units in Guizhou, Inner Mongolia and Shanxi

在我国,占总人口15%的城市人口享用着2/3的卫生保健服务,而占总人口85%的农村人口却只能享用1/3的医疗卫生保健服务,农村居民正在沦为最大的自费医疗群体。农村医疗问题的解决有赖于农村医疗卫生保障制度的建立。自2003年,我国开始在全国范围内开展新型农村合作医疗试点,为最终科学建立新型农村合作医疗制度进行局部试验。各试点地区应在充分考虑农民的利益的基础上进行制度设计,如选择科学的账户模式,合理确定报销方案,建立大病医疗救助制度等,从而保障农村合作医疗政策效果的顺利实现。

In China, the urban population which account for 15% of the total population enjoy 2/3 medical service, while the ru ral population taking up 85% of the total population can only enjoy 1/3 medical service. The rural inhabitamts are now degenerating into the most tremendous group who have to bear the full medical expenses of their own. The solution to the rural medical service problem depends on the establishment of the rules of the rural medical service. To establish the rules of new-type rural cooperatives medical service reasonably, China has started to carry out the new-type rural cooperatives medical service experiment across the nation since 2003. Every experimental unit should make up the proper rules, on the basis of a full and sufficient consideration of the peasants＇ interests, including selecting the soundable accounting pattern, determinating the reasonable reimburse plan, establishing the medical aid system for the serious diseas and so on, to make sure the effective implementation of the medical service policy.