信息时代区位论发展的新趋势

NEW TENDENCY OF LOCATION THEORY IN INFORMATION AGE

信息技术已经渗透到国民经济及社会的各个方面,导致现代社会生产方式和生活方式由传统模式向以信息技术支撑的网络化模式转变,这种信息化过程促进了各学科理论和实践的发展,作为研究人类活动空间场所选择及其空间组织优化的理论区位论也不例外。文章从区位因子、区位选择范围、行为区位理论、知识区位论、中心地理论等方面,分析了区位论发展的新动向,认为区位论正向区位因子软化、选择范围全球化、区位主体现实化、产业区位以信息知识产业为主以及中心地理论虚拟化的方向发展。

Nowadays, ICT is used into the branches of society and economy, leading to transformation of the mode of production and living, which provides the stage of research for different science. As well as the other science, the theory of location, which aims at the selection of the place and optimal of space, has many new areas to deepen and exploit in the information age. In the paper, by analyzing the literatures, the author considers the tendency of the Location Theory is location variables soft, the selection scale global, the actor realized, knowledge industry focal, and the Centers Place location virtual. With the development of ICT, information is an increasing important economic resource, and the spatial distribution of information has vital effect on the location of enterprises and institutions, information therefore is a location factor. Because of the codified information and the physical economic factors move freely while the institutions and culture is of embeddness hard to move in the world, the social and culture location factors have more effect on the actor＇s location. And the agglomeration factors also has attracted new respective because of the non - trade - dependence, and the research of traditional industry location turn into that of new districts which the agglomeration of SME is focal. In the information age, there is no isolated state, so the research on TNC location and the theory of global location is the hotspot. With the information explosion, the location researcher hold the location actor is not one with perfect information but one with imperfect information, pay much attention to such factors, e.g. the informational structure and its relation, non- equilibrium information between the actors. Because knowledge is the first factor in the productivity, the research on location of ICT industry, knowledge industry and the R＆D establishment is the core research of industry location, and the location of ICT industry trends flexible, the infrastructure networking, and innovation increasingly hot. In information age, urban play an important role in information creation, transfer, consumption, and the information service function of urban for hinterland is strengthen while the function of production and material service lessen, so the Central Place Theory emerges virtual.