当代中国农民的居住和迁徙自由权

The Right to the Rreedom of Residence and Movement about Present Chinese Peasants

人作为动物,享有居住和迁徙自由的本能权利。在人类文明的发展进程中,居住和迁徙自由已经上升到国际人权法律的层面,成为举世公认的一项基本人权。20世纪50年代以来,中国在照搬苏联模式建设社会主义中,建立起城乡分离的二元户籍制度,人为地将农民限制在农村,使农民丧失了宝贵的居住和迁徙自由权。在坚持以人为本、树立科学发展观的今天,彻底废除二元户籍制度,恢复和保障农民的居住和迁徙自由权,以自由看待发展,已成为人们的共同关切。

Being a kind of animal, human beings have their birthright of the freedom of residence and movement. In the process of human civilization development, free residence and movement which is well known now as a basic human right, has been a mater relating to international laws of human rights. Since1950s, while copying Soviet Union Model in socialist construction, China has built up a set of Dualistic Household - registration System on separating urban and rural. Thus peasants are restricted within the countryside artificially and lost their precious freedom of residence and movement. Nowadays it has been a question of common interest to promote development compatible with freedom, and to retrieve and ensure peasants＇ right to freedom of residence and movement.