湖南省疟疾防治后期流行病学特征及监测结果分析

Epidemiological Studies of Malaria in Hunan Province

目的分析疟疾防治后期流行病学特征及监测结果,为制订防治策略提供依据。方法收集1980～2004年湖南省各县、市疟疾疫情资料、发热病人血检、荧光抗体检测以及媒介资料进行回顾性研究。结果全省疟疾发病率由1980年的89.27/10万至2004年下降为0.19/10万,发热病人血检阳性率由1980年的2.73%至2004年下降为0.06%;近3年本地居民未查见带虫者;1990年以来湖南省感染病例逐年减少,输入疟疾为主,分别占病例总数的6.51%和93.49%;中华按蚊为唯一的传疟媒介。结论当前湖南省疟疾以输入病例为主,年发病率已连续9年控制在1/10万以下,疟疾疫情相对稳定。

Objective To perform an epidemiological study of malaria in Hunan and provide evidences for formulating a malaria control strategy. Methods A retrospectively survey on the epidemiology of malaria was conducted by analyzing data collected from 122 counties in Hunan province. Results from blood smear examination of febrile patients and the IFAT examination data were also analyzed. Results The incidence of malaria was reduced from 89.27/100 000 in 1980 to 0.19/100 000 in 2004. The parasite positive rates in febrile patients dropped from 2.73% in 1980 to 0.06% in 2004. No plasmodium carrier was found in local residents. Since 1990, the indigenous cases were reduced, and imported cases became dominant. The indigenous cases and imported cases accounted for 6.51% and 93.49% of the total malaria cases,respectively.Anopheles sinen.si.s was the only vector founded. Conclusion At present, most of the malaria cases in Hunan province are the imported case. The incidence of malaria was under 1/10 000 for 9 years, and the figure remains stable in Hunan province.